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Human Research Regulatory and Ethics-Related Publications
The underlying princples behind ethical human research have many sources. Some of the international accords are listed below and the implementation of those guidelines are specified in the references below.
- Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
- National Institute of Health (NIH)
- Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
International Accords
- Belmont Report - The Belmont Report was issued in 1979 by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The Belmont Report identifies the principles of Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice as central principles to guide the conduct of research. These ethical principles serve as the underlying ethical basis of federal regulations for the protection of human subjects.
- The Declaration of Helsinki - The World Medical Association (WMA) issued The Declaration of Helsinki, a statement of ethical principles to provide guidance to physicians and other participants in medical research involving human subjects. Many countries rely on the Declaration of Helsinki as a cornerstone of their human subjects protections.
- The Nuremberg Code - Directives for Human Experimentation resulting from the Trials of War Criminals before the Nuremberg Military Tribunals after World War Two.